Playbook

Water utility or wastewater customer-data breach

Customer billing and account data — not the treatment plant.

Out of scope: This playbook covers customer data and billing only. OT/SCADA incidents at a water or wastewater facility require specialist response — contact WaterISAC, AWWA, and your EPA region (US) or Public Safety Canada (Canada) immediately. Do not attempt to handle a treatment-plant incident with this playbook.

The scenario

Your water or wastewater customer-information system (billing, account records, service requests) is breached. The treatment plant and SCADA are not affected.

Who this is for: Utility director, IT lead, CAO.

First steps

  1. 1. Confirm scope: customer data only, not OT
    First hour

    Network segmentation should keep customer billing and SCADA separate. Verify with your IT lead before proceeding — if SCADA is implicated, this is the wrong playbook.

  2. 2. Notify WaterISAC
    First hour

    Free for member utilities. They will help confirm scope and route to specialist resources if OT is involved.

  3. 3. Preserve billing system logs
    First day

    Customer account access, payment data exposure, and any altered consumption records.

  4. 4. Pause auto-billing if billing data integrity is uncertain
    First day

    Better a late bill than a wrong one — residents notice immediately and the fix is harder than the pause.

Continuity of service

  • Manual meter-reading entry; paper account notes; defer cut-off notices for one cycle.

Communication

Customers

Standard breach notification, with explicit reassurance that water quality and supply are unaffected if SCADA is clean.

Regulator hand-off

  • US: WaterISAC, state AG, EPA region, CISA via CIRCIA.
  • Canada: provincial environment ministry, provincial privacy commissioner, CCCS.

FAQ

What if SCADA might be affected?

Stop using this playbook. Call WaterISAC's emergency line and your specialist OT response firm. Treatment plant response is outside HackFirstAid's scope — by design.